Commander-in-chief is the title highest ranking official in an organization's authority. In some cases, a military officer who is the supreme commanding officer of an organization will hold this rank, but still answer to political or governmental control. In other cases, a civilian or political authority will be appointed a military organization's commander-in-chief.
The Chief of Staff for Starfleet is sometimes also referred to as the Commander-in-Chief of the Federation Starfleet. (TOS novel: Triangle)
A Commander-in-Chief (abbreviated CinC or CINC) is the supreme commander of an entire military force or at least a significant portion of the total force. The role is usually filled by an officer with the highest rank possible in the organization.
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Starfleet's Commander-in-Chief was a position held by the senior fleet admiral, who took orders only from the Federation Council and its President. The post is also referred to as Commander, Starfleet. (Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country, Star Trek III: The Search for Spock)
From the 2270 to the mid-2280s, the position was held by Fleet admiral Heihachiro Nogura. He retired around 2285 and was replaced by Harry Morrow. (TOS novel: The Lost Years; Star Trek: The Motion Picture, Star Trek III: The Search for Spock, Star Trek: Pendragon)
In 2293, Fleet Admiral William Smillie was the C-in-C. Though he was not involved in Admiral Cartwright's conspiracy, he nonetheless resigned in shame after the Khitomer Conference, and was succeeded by Androvar Drake. Unfortunately, Drake himself had been a member of the conspiracy, and his actions as C-in-C nearly led to a war between the Klingons, Romulans and the Federation before his death at Chal. (TOS novels: Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home; The Ashes of Eden; Star Trek: Pendragon)
Margaret Sinclair-Alexander served as C-in-C in the late 2290s.
By 2298, Admiral Nogura had been brought out of retirement to serve as commander in chief once again, and stabilize the upper echelons of Starfleet Command. (The Lost Era novel: The Sundered)
| Enlisted personnel | Non-commissioned officers | Etc | Officers | Flag officers | ||||||||||||||||||
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| Starfleet | CR | CA | CN | PO3 | PO2 | PO1 | CPO | SCPO | MCPO CMCPO FMCPO MCPOSF |
WO CDT MID REC |
ENS | LTJG | LT | LCDR | CDR | CAPT FCAPT |
CDRE RDML |
RADM | VADM | ADM | FADM CINC |
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| Kai Imperium | TRN | MNX | IMUN | LGN3 | LGN2 | LGN1 | CLGN | CEN | SCEN | PVT | PRN | OP | TRB VIC |
PR | PTR | MST | LEG | IMP | ||||
| So'ja High Command | REC | CN | PVT | PO3 | PO2 | PO1 | CPO | MC | CPL | SGT | LT | MAJ | LTCOL | COL | ADM | MADM | SADM | |||||
In the mirror universe, Spock rose to the position of Commander-in-Chief sometime between the 2260s and the 2360s. (DS9: "Crossover")
In Star Trek: Pendragon, after the previous C-in-C resigned in 2372, Chief of Starfleet Operations Vice admiral James Leyton was appointed acting Commander-in-Chief, giving him the opportunity to stage his military coup. (DS9: "Homefront"; PDN: "Sword of Damocles")
Fleet admiral James Cannon became commander in chief in 2377. (PDN: "True North")
In Star Trek: Pioneer (STP), the position of Commander-in-Chief of Starfleet is referred to as the Starfleet Commander. The Starfleet Commander acts in much the same way as the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in the United States government of the 20th century. The Admiral holding the position of Chief of Starfleet Operations is the second-in-command of Starfleet. When the Starfleet Commander retires, leaves office, or dies in office, a special committee made up of high ranking Starfleet captains is convened to select a replacement. The Federation President can make a recommendation. In the result of a tie between the candidates for the position, the President's recommendation is selected.
In 2380, Admiral Harold Anton became the Starfleet Commander after the death of Admiral John Hayes. Captain Benjamin Kelsoe, along with Captain Sarah Tellening, Jean-Luc Picard, and other prominent Starfleet captains choose Anton over Admiral Dustin McCloud. ("The Teacher")
The So'ja had a similar position within their military structure, which they referred to as the Supreme Admiral. ("The Removal, Part 2", "The Boolran Eye, Part 1")
In Star Trek: Remington, when the Federation established a full Federation military, the two new branches of the Federation military were given positions equivalent to the Commander-in-Chief: the Commandant of the Marine Corps and Chief of Staff of the Starfighter Corps. In 2383, the C-in-C was Thomas Crowe.
In the Starfleet Command (RPG) continuity, Fleet Admiral Hunter Dunbar took over as the Commander-in-Chief in 2385 after James Anders was elected as the President of the United Federation of Planets. Dunbar was hand-picked by President Anders after he received news of the election.
Commander-in-Chief was the highest rank in a military. The title was usually reserved for the Head of State of a government. During the Clone Wars, the Supreme Chancellor held the position. The position was originally held by the Minister of Defense.
As Head of State, the Galactic Emperor held this position with the Military Executor in the Galactic Empire, though the Executor is counted as the official title.
The Rebel Alliance had their head of state, the Chief of State, hold this title. The Alliance of Free Planets, later the New Republic, used this rank (referred to as Supreme Commander). It was originally held by Mon Mothma and later held by Admiral Ackbar. After Ackbar's resignation, the position was held by Sien Sovv. Like the Galactic Emperor or Supreme Chancellor, the Chief of State held the position by virtue of being Head of State.
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