A biogenic weapon (or bioweapon) is a weapon that is designed to specifically target living organisms and damage or kill them. These weapons allow a target area to be cleared or pacified with little to no damage to the surrounding infrastructure. Subsets of biogenic weapons include chemical weapons and biological weapons.
In early 2374, Starfleet released falsified information that they had created a biological weapon at the Guyra IV Starbase that was specifically targeted at the Jem'Hadar. This information was then used to lure the Dominion into attacking the base and springing a trap to destroy a large number of Dominion warships. The base was one such facility working on an agent, they were far from a workable weapon. (Star Trek: Swiftfire: "Over the Horizon")
Starfleet discovered that the Cardassians were moving a convoy of these weapons close to the front lines during the opening months of the Dominion War and dispatched the USS Enterprise-E to attack the convoy. Captain Jean-Luc Picard collected a small task force of ships from the Starfleet Fifth Fleet and Klingon Third Battlegroup and succeeded in destroying the convoy. (Star Trek: Swiftfire: "Moral Actions", "Pressure Points")
Biogenic weapon article at Memory Alpha, the canon Star Trek wiki.
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